First, the selection of resistant varieties
There are great differences in maturity, yield and disease resistance among different varieties. In order to achieve high yield and high quality, we should choose the varieties that are resistant to disease, low in melon and good in commodity, as the main varieties, such as Jinchun No.3. , Jinyou 2, Jinyou 32, Damin 5, Zhongnong 5, etc.
Second, seed, seedbed disinfection
1, seed, seedbed disinfection
Before seeding, the uncoated seeds are soaked in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 10-20 minutes, or 50% carbendazim is soaked in 500 times solution for 30 minutes for seed disinfection, rinsed with water and ready for sowing, coating Seeds can be sown directly. The seedbed is sterilized by mixing 50% carbendazim or pentahydrate (pentachloronitrobenzene and mancozeb 1:1 in a ratio of 1:1) with 8 to 10 grams per bed, and then mixing it with the bed soil, then watering and sowing. The thickness of the covering soil is 1.5 to 2 cm.
2, temperature control and humidity control
After sowing, the temperature of day and night is controlled at 28 ~ 30 °C. After 80% of the seedlings are unearthed, the indoor temperature should be lowered to 22 °C to 25 °C and 15 to 16 °C at night to prevent high seedlings. After planting, the temperature during the sunny day should be 25 ~ 32 ° C, the temperature of cloudy day is controlled at 22 ~ 25 ° C, the temperature at night is 12 ~ 14 ° C, the seedling stage is mainly water control, fertilizer control.
3. Seedling pest control
Cucumber seedlings have blight and rickets. It can be sprayed with 75% chlorothalonil 600-800 times solution, or it can be used to increase the ground temperature to inhibit the occurrence of rickets and blight. Red spider can be sprayed with 75% gram emulsion 1500 times solution. For Liriomyza sativae, it can be sprayed with 500-800 times of drugs such as Aifuding, Qianweibao and Lucaibao. It is also possible to use the yellowing property of Liriomyza sativae to hang the yellow plate to trap the adult. For the warm sheds of Liriomyza sativae, the insects can die for about 15 days at 0 °C, the open field can not be wintered, and the winter production is delayed for about two weeks to eliminate the insect source.
Third, heavy application of base fertilizer
Cucumbers are warm and not resistant to high temperatures. They are wet and not resistant to mites. In order to promote the good growth of plants and improve their disease resistance, they should choose fertile, well-drained and non-polluting plots. Before planting, combined with land preparation, 667 square meters of fermented organic fertilizer 4000 ~ 4500 kg, urea 15 kg, diammonium phosphate 25 kg as base fertilizer, then ridges 60 cm apart, ridge height 30 cm or more, plant spacing 30 cm, colonization After the timely pouring of seedling water.
1. Pest control
During the growth and development of cucumber, the main pests that cause the decrease in yield are Red Spider and Liriomyza sativae. When the Liriomyza sativae harms, the larvae lurk on the host leaves to feed on the epidermis, and form a thick and curved wormhole under the leaves, which leaves chlorotic spots, insects and spots when eating juice. The synthesis of chlorophyll affects photosynthesis and seriously affects yield.
2, disease prevention
Prevention and treatment of cucumber downy mildew: In mid-May, spray with 50% of the frosting copper 800 times solution, Plucker and nail cream copper are used alternately to reduce the humidity inside the shed and to do ventilation work in time. Cucumber wilt should be carried out for more than 3 years or with carbendazim or diclosan. It should be prepared at a ratio of 1:100 to the soil. According to the dosage of 7-8 grams per square meter, the drug can be applied before planting or Ditch application, 667 square meters of medication 2 ~ 2.5 kg. The symptoms of the diseased plants should be removed early and the lime should be sprayed outside the colonization to prevent the spread of the bacteria.
Cucumber powdery mildew mainly harms the leaves, and white round powdery spots are formed on the initial leaf back or leaf surface. After enlargement, it is formed into a piece, like a layer of hoarfrost. It can be sprayed with 25% or 75% of the powder rusting 500-800 times solution.
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