More than 10 years after the landmark Human Genome Project, scientists announced on the 2nd that they will raise $100 million this year to launch the Human Genome Project, with the goal of synthesizing a complete human genome within 10 years.
According to Xinhua News, genomic research pioneers Jeff Burke, George Church and other 25 people announced with the US Science magazine that it is time to build "genomic scale engineering technology and its ethical framework." These scientists are from well-known academic institutions such as Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and New York University.
In response to the ethical, legal, and social implications of the Human Genome Project, they place special emphasis on the need for the public to get involved from the start. They point out that the Human Genome Project has also been considered controversial by some, but is now considered one of the greatest feats of exploration, revolutionizing science and medicine.
The Human Genome Project lasted from 1990 to 2003, with a focus on gene sequencing , allowing scientists to “read†the genome. The focus of the Human Genome Project is to build genes that allow scientists to "write" the genome. Scientists say that although genome sequencing technology is still developing at an extremely rapid rate today, the ability to construct genes is still limited to a small number of short fragments, limiting the understanding of life.
The primary goal of the Human Genome Project is to reduce the cost of synthesizing large genomes to one-thousandth of the current in 10 years. According to reports, the human genome has about 3 billion base pairs, and the cost of constructing a complete human genome at today's price is extremely high.
The immediate goal of the Human Genome Project is to synthesize 1% of the human genome and propose six pilot projects, including the construction of specific chromosomes or complex cancer genotypes to more fully mimic human disease and modify the pig genome for xenotransplantation.
The program will be implemented by a newly established independent non-profit organization, the Engineering Biology Demonstration Center. This is an international research project that will be open to various financial channels, including government research funds, private investment funds, charitable funds, and crowdfunding funds. The goal this year is to raise $100 million to launch the pilot project. The scientists also said that the cost of the entire program is difficult to predict, but may be less than the $3 billion of the Human Genome Project.
The scientists also listed a range of potential applications for human genome programming, including cultivating organs that can be transplanted to humans, conferring immunity to viruses through whole-genome recoding, conferring anti-cancer capabilities through cell engineering, and accelerating vaccines. And the development process of drugs, etc.
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