Last year, the planting base of winter wheat in our province was better, the sowing date was appropriate, the base fertilizer was sufficient, and the soil preparation and sowing quality were relatively high. The high temperature after sowing till the end of November is conducive to the formation of better strong seedlings. After the end of November, the temperature changed steadily, and the drought-resistant wheat exercise was more adequate. Since entering the wintering season, the temperature is still higher than usual, with no dramatic fluctuations. Therefore, the winter wheat with green area is larger, which is conducive to early return to green growth.
At present, there are some problems that cannot be ignored in wheat production: First, there has been no effective rainfall after wheat sowing, and the meteorological drought has continued to develop. Although some wheat fields with insufficient sensibility during sowing have poured out seedlings, and the wheat fields lacking in the winter have been poured with frozen water to ensure better weather conditions during the winter, but some wheat fields without freezing water appear dry soil with a depth of more than 5 cm. Layers are not conducive to the growth of wheat. Second, the sowing date of the local wheat field is earlier and the sowing rate is larger. Combined with the high temperature accumulated during the pre-winter period, the total number of stems is high, which is not conducive to the steady growth and management in the spring. Third, local wheat fields are sown late (cotton buckwheat), the quality of soil preparation and seedlings are not high.
In response to these different seedling conditions and public opinions, the spring management should be centered on drought resistance and focus on conservation, because the land is suitable for seedling production, scientific management, and skillful water application.
I. Appropriate repression to promote strong seedlings and security
Areas with less precipitation, poor soil moisture content, and wheat fields with more extensive farming practices and more refuse can be suppressed in the warm and sunny weather in the afternoon, smashing the slag, sealing the cracks, and warming the soil. For wheat fields with large groups and prosperous tendencies, they must be suppressed in the early spring and their control should be prosperous so as to prevent lodging.
Second, to strengthen the spring and autumn fertilizer and water management in different types of wheat fields
1. Drought serious wheat field. Due to poor quality of soil preparation, serious run or other reasons, dry soil layer reaches 5-10 cm. There have been serious dead wheat seedlings or spotted seedlings that are severely affected by drought and wheat fields. water. For the poor watering conditions, the spring can not guarantee the second water, can be top-dressing with watering; can keep pouring the second water, can be divided into two fertilizers, or to the second jointing period when the top dressing water. After pouring the first water, plan it in time to warm it.
2. Mildly affected by dry wheat fields. The quality of the site preparation is good, the suppression after planting is practical, the dry soil layer does not exceed 5 cm, and a small amount of dried leaves of wheat is slightly affected by the dry wheat fields. In the early spring, it is necessary to suppress and raise the earthworms, and then plan the conservation of earthworms. In the case that the protection is better, the first time the fertilizer can be postponed to the middle and late stages.
3. The lyrical suitable for wheat fields. At the end of the season, if enough water is kept, or if it is poured into frozen water, return to the wheat field suitable for the Qing Dynasty, and in early spring, it is necessary to draw a plan to protect it. According to different seedling conditions, different spring fertilizer and water management measures will be adopted. In the first phase of wheat field with a total stem number of 800,000 - 1 million per acre, the first time the fertilizer can be postponed until the jointing stage; the second type of wheat field with a total stem number of 600,000 - 800,000, the first time the fertilizer can be in the late stage Or the beginning of the jointing period; the three types of wheat fields with a total stem number of 600,000 or less, the first time the fertilizer was in the middle stage.
4. Prosperous wheat growing field. In wheat returning green period, the total number of stems per mu is over 1 million. There are generally two types of wheat fields with a long growing trend. First, there are too many leaves, many dry leaves, and there is a trend of defertilization, and dry leaves should be promptly removed after turning green. And apply the first time the fertilizer, watering, timely planning and conservation; second, high water and fertilizer prosperous long wheat fields, such as dry leaves less, no de-fertilization, lyrical suitable, early spring suppression pressure control, planning security. The first fertilizer was postponed until jointing. Before getting up to the jointing stage, chemical control agents can be sprayed to prevent lodging.
5. Appropriate application of spring fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and part of nitrogen fertilizer are generally applied before sowing. Top dressing in spring mainly means topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. The type of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is preferably urea, and the total amount of top dressing fertilizer in spring is 15-18 kg of urea per mu. Those who pour the first water after getting up or jointing period may follow all the first water. Due to severe drought or prolonged defertilization, it is necessary to apply two fertilizers in the returning green period and the jointing period. The principle of a few days before and after should be mastered. The first 5-6 kg and the second 10-12 kg. Avoid large and premature fertilization.
Third, pay attention to weather changes, prevent and respond to the cold
After turning green, pay close attention to weather changes and water prevention before the cold wave arrives. In the event of a downturn in the winter, disasters such as quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers, cultivator, and foliar fertilizers should be taken to improve ground temperature and promote the development of roots and tillers.
Fourth, to strengthen the control of pests and weeds
Due to high temperatures in winter, pests, grasses, and weeds may increase in spring. In the returning green period of wheat, we must pay close attention to the occurrence of pests and weeds and take timely preventive and control measures.
Eas Detector,Eas Anti Theft System,Electronic Article Surveillance,Sensormatic Anti Theft System
WENZHOU BOSHINE ELECTRONIC SECURITY CO.,LTD , https://www.cnboshine.com