In order to obtain high and stable yields of potatoes, the following cultivation points should be grasped:
First, the sowing period. It is generally appropriate to sow from mid-October to late November, and it is easy to use high-temperature, high-temperature, and early-growth plants.
Second, choose the species. Select the varieties of potato that are suitable for planting and consumption habits in Huizhou, such as high yield, drought tolerance, high temperature resistance, late blight resistance, and good commercial quality. Such as Feiwu Rui it, Yue cited 85-38, Ji Nong 958 and so on. After harvesting, plowing and plowing are used to ensure that the loose soil layer is more than 25 cm. Rake ridges, with a width of 90 centimeters, double lines, a width of 25 centimeters, and a height of 25 centimeters.
Third, apply base fertilizer. Basal fertilizer should account for more than two-thirds of the fertilization amount in the whole growth period, mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, and the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Generally, 750-1,000 kilograms of earth miscellaneous fertilizer or fire-burning earth, 300-500 kilograms of decomposed human and animal manure, plus 30-40 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 25-30 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate As base fertilizer.
Fourth, seed treatment.
1. Sterilization of seed potatoes: Disperse the selected seed potatoes with 200 times 40% formalin or 400 times 75% chlorothalonil solution, cover with a film for 2 hours, and then ventilate to dry (not allow exposure). In a cool, dry place.
2. Seed cutting: Seed cuttings are made one day before sowing. Prepare two cutters per person before cutting and use 75% alcohol or 0.5% potassium permanganate solution to disinfect and use. When cutting, the potatoes must be cut to the buds. It is not possible to bring only the flesh around the eyes but to leave the rest of the potatoes. It is even better not to dig the shoots into small pieces or small cones. Each bud weight is best cut into 50 grams, the minimum is not less than 30 grams, keep 1-2 buds. About 50 grams of potato chips are not cut, 60-100 grams of the top cut into two pieces; 110-150 grams of the first cut 1/3 of the tail, the top bud cut into 3 pieces; 160 grams or more The first cross-cut first.
Fifth, sowing specifications. Generally 85-90 cm of double-row phytoseiid pods, 25-30 cm inside the row spacing, spacing of 25 cm or so, suitable for early maturing varieties of densely seeded, moderately late mature varieties suitable for sowing. Ditch planting, sowing depth of 5-6 cm, sowing seed potatoes and fertilizers to avoid contact, at the same time, the buds in the same position on the same or near the same length of seed potato sown in the same pods, in order to benefit Qi seedling management; Point or bud upward, vertical to the horizontal plane. After sowing, cover a thin layer of 5-6 cm and cover the surface with straw.
Six, field management.
1, early set the seedlings, cultivator soil: After the seedlings, each plant retains 1-2 strong seedlings, remove the excess weak seedlings, in order to benefit the seedlings and potato production. During the entire growth period, the soil is required to be cultivated twice. The first time the seedling height is 10-15 cm, and the upper soil is 5-6 cm. The soil is dominated by loose soil and extermination; the second time it is carried out before the seal line, as far as possible, The soil should be widened, and the earth should be wide. It should be 3-4 centimeters above earth.
2. Fertilizer early: When the seedlings grow 70%, the first topdressing will be carried out to promote seedling growth and increase leaf area. After every 7-10 days fertilization once, to the stems and leaves seal line when a total of 4-5 times fertilizer, the first mu compound fertilizer 10-12 kg, plus 2-3 kg of urea, watered 1500-2000 kg The second mu compound fertilizer 7-10 kg, plus 2-3 kg of urea, the third time from the gradual reduction of urea, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate to increase 2-3 kg. At the same time, in the seedling stage, potato stage, and expansive stage, "Yunda 120" 500 times solution or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was used to spray the foliar fertilizer once to regulate plant growth. 92,000 "1 gram of water was sprayed with 75 kg to extend the ripening period.
3, tuber period management: tuberculosis period should avoid plant length, especially tuber enlargement of fertilizer and water requirements are higher, can only rely on root absorption can not meet the needs of the plant, can be used 0.5% urea and 0.3% of dihydrogen phosphate Potassium mixture or 0.8% potassium nitrate was sprayed on the leaves, and the soil water retention was maintained at about 80%. Also pay attention to supplement magnesium fertilizer, that is, when the plant height 45 cm, per acre with 100 grams of magnesium sulfate and water spray 75 kg.
Insect net greenhouse also known as plant and vegetables greenhouse net. Used for prevent the insect fly into the greenhouse during the plant growing, and cover the plants. Key off the approaches that the pests (adult insect) breeding. Effective control of the spread of all kinds of harmful pests spread, such as Cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, aphids, flea beetles, Sweet agnates, American leaf miner, literal etc and prevent the harmful of virus spread. Significantly reduced the use of chemical pesticides, so that the planting vegetables good-quality and health.
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