1. Timely tillage weeding
Winter sowing broad bean, the first cultivator must be carried out when the seedling height is 7-10cm, the cultivating depth is 7-10cm, the plants should be shallow; the second cultivator must be carried out when the seedling height is 15-20cm, and the plough depth is 4-5cm. , At the same time, combined with soil insulation and antifreeze; the third cultivator is carried out before flowering after the spring and combined with roots to prevent lodging.
2. Irrigation and drainage
Broad bean seedling and flowering require the largest amount of water. The flowering period is the critical period for the water requirement of broad bean. In this case, it is necessary to water according to the soil moisture status, so as to ensure that the field water holding capacity is 80%. It is usually applied 2-3 times in the growth period of broad bean, the first time in the flowering stage of bud, the second time in the stage of scarring and the third time in the stage of broad bean germs. The growth of faba bean at the late stage of growth, long-term rain and dryness or excessive soil water will cause the development of vicia faba root system, easy to infect blight and rust, and should be promptly drained.
3. Pruning topping
(1) Main stem topping. The main stem tossing can promote early branching, multiple branching, control of plant height, prevention of lodging, with the main stem 6-7 leaves, 1-2 branches at the base has the best topping, ensure that there are 3-4 points before the winter Branches, early-onset effective branching in the future, generally picking the heart to leave the pile 7-10cm. Poor growth, plant dwarfs do not fight; soil is thin, there are few branches, who rely on the main stem do not fight. (2) Pruning in early spring. After spring, the broad bean will continue to occur a large number of secondary and tertiary branches, and most of them are ineffective branches. Small branchlets, thin branches and stems must be removed at the early flowering stage to distort the leaf-blackened branches. (3) Topping of flower buds. The whole middle and upper part of the broad bean has entered the flowering stage, and the lower part has begun to scab as the best topping period. When playing the top, you should master the small top and do not hit the big top; the tops that are destroyed can be buds without flowers; the toppings should be selected during the sunny days to prevent the wounds from irrigating in the stems, which will not easily heal and cause diseases. It is advisable to remove the tender tip 3-5cm. ,
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