Serious misunderstanding of dietary safety in summer can lead to death

Beijing, June 15th National Food Safety Promotion Week opened on the 15th. During the period (June 15th - July 2nd), a two-month “Food Safety Network Knowledge Contest” will be launched. At present, according to the conditions of the competition test, experts have identified 8 representative summer food safety misunderstandings and notable phenomena from the 8,784 responses.

I. Bacterial food poisoning, easy to move in summer and autumn

In summer and autumn when the temperature is high, if you eat an overnight meal or a fresh seafood, you may experience nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, and shock. This is because the hot and humid weather is conducive to the breeding of bacteria. Once pathogenic bacteria contaminate food, they can rapidly multiply to a number that can cause disease. It must not be overlooked that these bacteria, which are invisible to the naked eye, are released. Even if the toxins are treated with high temperatures, they will not be destroyed and poisoning may occur after ingestion.

Experts emphasized that the most important issue in global food safety is foodborne diseases caused by pollution. According to statistics, in the 2014 food poisoning incident, the number of microbial (bacterial) food poisoning incidents and the largest number of poisoning incidents were respectively 42.5% and 67.7% of the total number of food poisoning incidents and the total number of poisoning incidents.

Experts suggest that when cooking, we must pay attention to raw and cooked separately, raw meat, poultry and seafood should be stored separately from cooked foods, raw and cooked food processing tools and chopping boards and containers should also be separated. In addition, food must be thoroughly cooked. Cooked foods must not be stored for more than 2 hours at room temperature. Inedible foods should be stored in the refrigerator in time. Do not store them in the refrigerator for too long. Always heat thoroughly before eating again.

Second, eat wild mushrooms, can cause serious death

Mushroom is a high-protein, nutrient-rich, low-fat, low-calorie food rich in various amino acids, minerals, vitamins, polysaccharides and other nutrients, not only has a unique flavor, but also has a strong antioxidant effect. Can improve the body's immune system, containing tyrosinase also lower blood pressure, lipid-lowering effect. Many people think that the wild food is more nutritious, but many of the wild mushrooms are highly toxic and must be taken with caution.

Folks have spread many ways of distinguishing wild poisonous mushrooms. For example, fresh mushrooms are poisonous. Poisonous mushrooms often have scales, mucus, mycelium and mycorrhizal fungi, and grow in dark, damp, dirty areas. Poisonous mushroom worms Ants do not eat, and silverware, garlic, rice and boiled with color change reaction, etc., these methods are in fact completely without scientific basis, credulously believe that these methods are actually one of the main causes of eating poisoning.

According to statistics, the number of food poisoning incidents caused by poisonous plants and poisonous mushrooms in 2014 was the highest (77 persons) and accounted for 70.0% of the total number of deaths caused by food poisoning incidents. Experts pointed out that the identification of whether wild mushrooms are toxic requires the help of professional organizations and personnel. At present, there is no simple and easy identification method. The method of identification of folk circulation has not been proved to be reliable, and the basic approach to prevent poison mushroom poisoning is not to eat wild mushrooms. Once symptoms of poisoning occur after eating wild mushrooms, induce vomiting immediately and seek medical attention as soon as possible.

Third, textured snails are as poisonous as puffer fish, and eating can cause death.

In the spring and summer, it is the peak production period of the woven snails, but it is a “table” killer. A woven snail can be fatal. This is because weaving snails contain a neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin. The toxin is heat-stable. It cannot be destroyed by boiling, salting, or sun exposure. There are no special detoxification drugs.

Textured snails are commonly referred to as “sea snail”, “sea snail”, “wheat snail” or “white snail” and are mainly distributed in coastal areas such as Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong. They are about the size of a fingernail, and are edible with toxins. Snails can cause dizziness, vomiting, numbness of the lips and fingers, and may even cause death. The original Ministry of Health issued an announcement in 2012 to make it clear that any food production and operation unit must not purchase, process, and sell woven snails.

Fourth, pasteurized milk, can not just look at the shelf life

Pasteurized milk is milk that needs to be refrigerated after purchase. The sterilization temperature of this milk is generally 72°C~85°C, which can ensure that the number of pathogenic bacteria will be reduced to a level that will not cause harm to consumers. The nutrition and natural flavor of milk are well preserved, but pasteurization does not kill all the bacteria in the milk, so cryopreservation is required and its shelf life is also short.

Experts pointed out that pasteurized milk can be eaten directly. If it is heated, the temperature should be controlled at 40°C to 50°C. Do not heat and boil for a long time. The proteins in milk will denature and denature under high temperature for a long time. The physiological activity and the efficiency of absorption by human body will be greatly reduced, affecting the quality and nutritional value of dairy products.

Fifth, lily food, can cause poisoning

July and August are the mature seasons of daylily. Its unique aroma and taste make it a popular food on the table. However, special attention should be paid to the fact that fresh day lily contains a substance called “colchicine,” which itself is non-toxic but can be oxidized into “colchicine” in metabolic processes after absorption by the gastrointestinal tract. This is a highly toxic substance that can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other poisoning symptoms. Adults who ingest 0.1-0.2 mg of colchicine (equivalent to 50-100 g fresh lily) can cause poisoning.

Colchicine is water-soluble, so fresh cauliflower should be boiled in boiling water, then thoroughly soaked in water, rinsed, and cooked again so that it can be eaten safely. Because colchicine can evaporate with the bound water at high temperature, prolonged drying can destroy colchicine, so it is safe to eat dry day lily.

Six, "preservative free" does not mean "more secure"

"Long shelf life = preservatives", "preservatives more = unsafe", and "natural = safe" are similar formulas that solidify in the minds of many consumers. The average consumer is "preservative-free" and "naturally pure." The understanding of “zero-add” is more secure, and businesses are also aiming for this, and there are more and more foods that are advertised on the market with “no preservatives”.

Experts emphasized that, in fact, preservatives are mainly used to prevent food spoilage, which can make our food more secure. If there is no preservative in some foods, the shelf life of the food will be very short, and it will be more easily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms. The toxic substances produced by metabolism of pathogenic microorganisms will pose a threat to human health. All the preservatives that are permitted in the national standards are evaluated for safety. The use of the standard will not cause harm to the health of consumers. Of course, there are some foods that naturally do not need to add preservatives, such as honey (high sugar), instant noodle cake (dry), pickled foods (high salt), canned food (sealed), claiming that these foods "preservative-free" Just a marketing strategy.

Seven, bitter almonds do not change "poisons"

In the hit TV series “Tuo Chuan”, An Laung holds a large amount of almonds to death. Many people have doubts. Almonds are not only edible, but also have some medicinal value. How can they lead to poisoning? In fact, An Ling Rong eats a lot of raw bitter almonds, which is totally different from the American almonds (Almonds) that we normally eat. In the seed coat and germ parts of bitter almonds, it contains highly toxic substances—hydrocyanic acid. Ingestion can lead to poisoning and death due to respiratory failure.

Chinese medicine believes that bitter almond has the effect of relieving cough and relieving asthma and lung defecating. Studies have found that bitter almonds contain a biologically active substance, amygdalin, which can enter the bloodstream to kill cancer cells and have no effect on healthy cells, thus improving the symptoms of advanced cancer patients and prolonging their survival. At the same time, it is rich in carotene, anti-oxidation, preventing free radicals from attacking cells, and has a certain anti-cancer effect. However, special attention should be paid to the fact that large amounts of bitter almonds must not be consumed, as this may lead to poisoning.

Eight, soil oil extraction, a lot of hidden dangers

Squeezing is a traditional oil production process. It uses physical methods to extract oil from the oil, and the obtained grease also needs to undergo various subsequent processing and meets relevant national standards. It is a qualified edible oil product that can be sold. . Many people believe that the method of soil oil extraction in rural areas has no additives and no pollution, and is a greener, healthier and safer food.


Experts pointed out that, in fact, the oil obtained through the “earth method” contains many other components, such as free fatty acids, phospholipids, and oil residues, as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that may be introduced during planting, harvesting, drying, and storage. Aflatoxin and pesticide residues. Such oils, if not subjected to the refining process, are inherently unstable and easily oxidized and deteriorated, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aflatoxins and pesticide residues are substances that are extremely harmful to human health. The press oil produced by the factory has a greater security risk. (Finish)

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