First, the type of silicon fertilizer
Divided into two major categories of slow-acting silicon fertilizer and water-soluble high-efficiency silicon fertilizer. The slow-acting silicon fertilizer is made of iron or steel slag, yellow phosphorus slag, fly ash and other industrial waste slag or silicon ore. It is made into silicon fertilizer by coarse grinding and sieving. It is a strontium-soluble mineral fertilizer containing calcium silicate. Apply 40-100 kg per acre (667 square meters) for one-time application of base fertilizer.
The main component of water-soluble high-efficiency silicon fertilizer is sodium silicate, containing more than 250% of water-soluble silicon, and applying 5 kg per acre (667 square meters), which can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing and foliar fertilizer.
Crust and straw are also the main sources of silicon. Most of the silicon absorbed by rice is concentrated in straw and rice husk. Straw decomposed by straw can maintain the balance of silicon and replace silicon fertilizer. The implementation of straw returning to the field can relieve or eliminate the shortage of silicon in the rice soil to a considerable extent.
Second, the role of silicon fertilizer
Silicon fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer, which is listed as the fourth largest elemental fertilizer after nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the international soil community. It is mainly used in rice, wheat, corn and other silicon crops, especially rice is most sensitive to silicon. Rice is known as a silicic acid plant. Applying silicon fertilizer on silicon-deficient soil can enhance the disease resistance of rice, increase the seed setting rate, promote the accumulation of dry matter and increase the yield, and improve the quality of rice.
The effect of silicon fertilizer against rice blast is most significant. Albic soil, meadow soil and old rice fields are all silicon-deficient soils. In rice blast recurrence areas, more attention should be paid to the application of silicon fertilizer. Promote rice growth and development and improve stress resistance. The main performance is to increase the tillering rate, increase the number of effective harvested spikes, increase the rice's own disease resistance, and even if the rice is infected, it can make the lesions silicified and control the development of lesions. Followed by browning and sheath blight.
With the increase of fertilization level, the application of high-nitrogen fertilizer must have the cooperation of silicon fertilizer. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon scientific formula fertilization can achieve high yield. Objectively understand silicon fertilizer.
First of all, silicon fertilizer can not replace NPK fertilizer, it must be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon. Secondly, silicon fertilizer has the ability to enhance rice resistance to pests and diseases, but it can not replace pesticides. Straw returning is the simplest and most effective way to supplement soil silicon. Cooperate with the construction of agro-ecology, strengthen the circulation of silicon in agriculture, and insist on straw returning to the field.
Silicon fertilizer is mainly used in rice, and sometimes used in sugar cane and bamboo. After being applied to the soil, it can provide silicon nutrients to the plants and increase the supply of available silicon in the soil. It is an alkaline substance and has the effect of increasing the pH of the soil. Used as a base fertilizer.
The silicon fertilizer applied in the field is mainly industrial waste residue containing silicate. The effect of applying silicon fertilizer is related to the content and morphology of silicon in the soil. Although the content of silica in the soil accounts for 20-80% of the weight of the soil, most of it is crystalline and cannot be absorbed and utilized by plants. The effective silicon in the soil, that is, the silicon which is soluble in the acetic acid buffer of pH 4, varies depending on the type of soil parent material.
The soil with high weathering minerals has high effective silicon content; the soil developed on granite, quartz sandstone and tuff weather has lower silicon content; the texture is lighter, the soil layer is thinner and the leaching is strong. Soils with strong acidity and low organic fertilizer use have low effective silicon content. The silicon-deficient paddy soil is mostly low pH or sandy soil. When the silica content in the stems and leaves of rice is less than 10% of the dry weight of the stems and leaves, it can be regarded as silicon deficiency, and it is necessary to apply silicon fertilizer.
Third, the mechanism of action of silicon fertilizer
1. Silicon is an important part of plants.
Among the six crop ash of rice, wheat, barley, soybean, lentils and fennel, silicon oxide accounts for 14.2-61.4%.
2. Applying silicon fertilizer is conducive to improving photosynthesis of crops.
After applying the silicon fertilizer, the crop can make the epidermal cells silicified, the stems and leaves are straight, reduce the shading, and promote the photosynthesis of the leaves.
3. Silicon fertilizer can enhance the resistance of crops to pests and diseases and reduce pests and diseases.
After the silicon is absorbed by the crop, silicified cells are formed in the body, and the cell wall of the stem and leaf surface is thickened, and the stratum corneum is increased, thereby improving the ability of preventing pests and diseases.
4, silicon fertilizer can increase crop lodging resistance.
Because the crop stems are straight, the lodging resistance can be increased by about 80%.
5. Silicon fertilizer can enhance the ventilation of crops.
Increased silicon content in crops enhances the rigidity of crop conduits and promotes aeration, which is important for aquatic and warm crops such as rice and reed.
6. Improve crop stress resistance.
After application of silicon fertilizer, the resulting silicified cells can effectively regulate the opening and closing of leaf stomata, excavate water transpiration, and improve crop drought resistance, dry heat resistance and low temperature resistance.
7, silicon fertilizer contains more calcium and magnesium.
Silicon fertilizer contains a certain amount of trace elements such as zinc, magnesium, boron, iron, etc., which has a compound nutrition effect on crops.
8. Silicon can reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil.
Silicon fertilizer can activate phosphorus in the soil and promote the operation of phosphorus in the crop, thereby increasing the seed setting rate.
9. Silicon fertilizer is a health fertilizer.
Silicon fertilizer can improve the soil, correct the acidity of the soil, increase the soil base, promote the decomposition of organic fertilizer, and inhibit the soil bacteria.
10. Silicon is a quality element.
Silicon fertilizer has the effect of improving the quality of agricultural products and is conducive to storage and transportation.
Fourth, the application principle of silicon fertilizer
1. Application range.
Soil silicon supply capacity is an important basis for determining whether or not to apply silicon fertilizer. The greater the degree of silicon deficiency in the soil, the better the effect of fertilization and yield increase. Therefore, the silicon fertilizer should be preferentially distributed to the silicon-deficient areas and the silicon-deficient soil. The demand for silicon varies from crop to crop, and the effect of applying silicon fertilizer on silicon crops is obvious.
After trials, the crops with significant silicon application are mainly grass, wheat, corn and other grass crops, among which rice is a typical silicon crop; soybean, peanut and other silicon-calcium crops; cucumber, melon, watermelon, melon and other cucurbitaceae And crops such as tomatoes, strawberries, and cotton. Since silicon fertilizer has the effect of improving soil, silicon fertilizer should be applied to contaminated farmland and protected land planted for many years.
2. Application method.
Silicon fertilizer is not easy to agglomerate, is not easy to deteriorate, has good stability, and does not have infiltration, volatilization and other losses, and has the characteristics of long fertilizer effect. Therefore, silicon fertilizer does not have to be applied annually, and can be applied every other year. The application method can be applied together with organic fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer; the water-soluble silicon fertilizer with high nutrient content can be used as base fertilizer or top dressing, but the topdressing period should be as early as possible. For example, it should be applied before rice booting in rice production.
3, the amount.
The application amount of silicon fertilizer should be determined according to the content of available silicon in different plots of soil and the content of soluble silicon in silicon fertilizer. Soils that are severely deficient in silicon can be applied in moderation, while soils that are mildly deficient in silicon should be applied less.
Water-soluble silicon fertilizer with an effective silicon content of 50-60%, 6-10 kg per mu (667 square meters); steel slag silicon fertilizer with effective silicon content 30-40%, applicable per acre (667 square meters) 30 to 50 kg; effective silicon content less than 30%, 50-100 kg per acre (667 square meters).
4. Precautions for the application of silicon fertilizer
(1) Must be combined with other fertilizers. Silicon fertilizer can not replace nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon fertilizer scientifically combined application, in order to obtain good results.
(2) Silicon fertilizer cannot be mixed or simultaneously applied with ammonium hydrogencarbonate. Silicon fertilizer will volatilize ammonia in ammonium bicarbonate, reduce the utilization of nitrogen fertilizer, and cause unnecessary waste.
(3) Silicon fertilizer can improve the soil, and the price is cheap, and it is best to apply it continuously every season.
This article URL: The type of new fertilizer silicon fertilizer and the role of silicon fertilizer in agricultural production
Volsen owns a professional custom synthesis department, with more than 15 senior scientific research chemical personnels who have a graduate degree or above. We also have an independent scientific management system. Our company integrates years of production experiences and talent reserves that forms a strong R&D production capacity, furthermore we could undertake various chemicals customizations from kg to ton relying on the existing production base and equipment.
With the accumulated strong expertise,and experiences of developments,we have developed the products with good quality and also manufactured the intermediates for multi-national pharmaceutical company.
R&D Pharmaceutical, Research And Development Pharmaceutical, Bulk Drug Development
Taizhou Volsen Chemical Co., Ltd. , https://www.volsenchem.com