The mulching spring peanuts are planted in large areas in Jizhongnan and Jidong, and are covered with plastic film. Peanuts can achieve early planting, increase yield, and the morning market, increase the multiple cropping index, and increase planting efficiency. Here are some issues that we should pay attention to before wetting the mulch spring peanuts.
1. Choose the right soil. Peanut is a kind of oil crop that is resistant to drought and barren, especially sandy loam with good permeability and large temperature difference between day and night. However, the soil with higher sand has low fertility and poor water holding capacity, which has a great impact on peanut production. The cultivation of mulch spring peanuts, the greater demand for fertilizer, in order to improve the output of peanuts, cultivars should choose spring peanuts mulching more fertile, physical and chemical properties, good permeability of the land.
2. Select large fruit varieties. Film mulching can increase the temperature of the soil in which the peanut roots are located, the ability to maintain pods, and fertilizer utilization. Peanut root system developed, the absorption and utilization of nutrients is high, so the increase in peanut production is more significant. In order to improve planting efficiency, cultivar-covered cultivation should choose large-fruit-type varieties with large yield potential, high yield, and strong disease resistance, such as Daihua No.2, Shaohua No.6, Tanghua No.10, and Huayu No.18.
3. Make timely sowing. There are often two misunderstandings in production. One is early sowing, and peanut sowing is too early. Due to unstable temperatures in early spring, or even a cold spring or cold wave, it will pose a great threat to early-seeding peanuts. The seedlings were severely ridiculed. The other is delayed sowing. Delayed sowing time, the role of plastic film coverage can not be fully realized, the corresponding delay in the listing period will affect the income of growers. Tests have shown that the sowing date of mulching spring peanuts is generally about 10 days earlier than that of spring peanuts in the open season, and is generally suitable for April 15-20 in the central and southern parts of Hebei, and a week later for the eastern part of Gansu.
4. Do a balanced fertilization. Peanut is a high-yielding oil crop and has a large demand for fertilizer. Because it has a nitrogen fixation, the demand for nitrogen fertilizer is not large, but the demand for phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is relatively large. In order to achieve high yields of mulch spring peanuts, it is necessary to ensure sufficient supply of fertilizers and to use organic fertilizers in combination with chemical fertilizers. All organic fertilizers are used as base fertilizers, generally 5000 kg of Mushi farmyard fertilizer, 50 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, and one-time application. The application of calcium fertilizer can effectively prevent rotten fruit and black plaster spots, and increase the application of 50 kilograms of superphosphate calcium phosphate fertilizer per acre. The increase of 1 kg of boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer can significantly increase the fruit setting rate and increase the fullness of mango fruit.
5. Chemical seed dressing treatment. Peeling shells of peanut seeds prematurely can easily lead to a decline in seed quality. The seeds lose the protection of their outer shells, and they can absorb the harmful gases and harmful substances in the air. The activity is greatly reduced. Peel the seeds of peanuts half a month before sowing. It is better to store the peeled seeds in a woven bag and store them in a ventilated and dry place. Before and after 3-5 days of sowing, choose sunny days before and after noon, lay newspapers on the mud or cement ground, spread the peanut seeds to dry for 3-5 hours. The tanned seeds were sorted and ranked, and diseased grains, residual grains, and germinated grains were picked out. Afterwards, Shiloche seed dressing was used to effectively prevent stem rot and root rot.
6. Grasp the appropriate density. The density of cultivating spring peanuts should not be too small or too large, too small will affect the yield, the result rate of excessively large single plants will decline, the seeds will be wasted, and the yield will be reduced. Starting from the first, the base is 85-90 cm wide, 50-55 cm wide at the top and 10-12 cm high. Production usually uses a double-line cultivation mode. The line spacing is controlled at 30 centimeters, and the distance between holes is 15-18 centimeters. The mu density is about 10,000 holes. Each hole has two grains. The amount of mu is about 16 kilograms.
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