(6) Causes and preventive measures of sudden drop in egg production in chickens
General chicken production has a certain rule, that is, a few weeks after the start of production can reach the peak of egg production, after a sustained period of time, it began to slowly decline, this trend continues until the end of egg production. If laying hens change this trend, the egg production rate will suddenly drop. At this time, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the production situation in a timely manner. Through analysis, identify the causes and take appropriate measures.
1. Causes of sudden drop in egg production
(1) Climate impact. 1 Seasonal changes: Especially in the four seasons in northern China, the temperature difference changes greatly when the seasons change. If the broiler house insulation effect is not ideal, it will have a greater stress effect on the laying hens and cause a sudden drop in egg production. 2 Disastrous weather effects: If a flock of chickens suddenly suffers unexpected and severe weather, such as heat waves, cold currents, storms, and snow.
(2) Poor management. 1 stop the water or cut off the material: If the birds feed insufficiently or cut off water for a few days, the egg production will suddenly drop. 2 Insufficient nutrition or sudden changes: Insufficient content of protein, vitamins, minerals, etc., in the feed, and inappropriate proportions of the ingredients will cause a drop in egg production. 3 Stress: There are abnormal sounds in the house. Small animals such as rats, cats, and birds break into the house, as well as the management staff catching the chicken and cleaning the excrement, etc., all of which can cause the flock to be suddenly frightened and cause the stress response of the flock. 4 Loss of light control: A sudden power outage in the house, shortening of the illumination time, weakening of the light intensity, sudden and long illumination time, and sudden stop of the lighting switch, which are not conducive to the normal production of the flock. 5 Inadequate ventilation in the house: The mechanically ventilated house has a long power outage in the hot summer; in winter, the ventilation of the house for a long time without ventilation, the air pollution in the house can affect the normal production of the flock. egg.
(3) Disease factors. Acute infectious diseases such as chicken Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, infectious laryngotracheitis and egg dropping syndrome all affect the normal egg production of chickens. In addition, vaccination during laying of laying hens and overdosing of drugs can cause toxic side effects, which can also result in decreased egg production in the flock.
(4) Simultaneous production and production date synchronization.
2. Preventive measures
(1) Reduce stress. When the season changes and the weather is abnormal, the temperature of the house and ventilation conditions should be adjusted in time. Adding a certain amount of vitamins to the feed can slow down the stress of the flock.
(2) Scientific lighting. During the production of eggs, the scientific illumination system should be strictly followed to avoid irregular light. During the production of eggs, the illumination time is 14 to 16 hours per day.
(3) Overhaul the drinking water system. Drinking water systems should be checked regularly and leaks or clogging should be promptly repaired.
(4) Reasonable feeding. Should choose safe and reliable, stable quality of feed, the diet requires a sufficient amount of protein, methionine and appropriate vitamins and phosphorus, sodium and other minerals. At the same time to avoid sudden replacement of feed. If it must be replaced, a gradual replacement method should be adopted, that is, replace 1/3 first, then change 1/2, then change 2/3 until all are replaced. The entire process is suitable for 5-7 days.
(5) Do a good job of prevention, disinfection and hygiene. The vaccination should be carried out during the brooding and breeding period of chickens, and it should not be fed during the laying period for drugs that have an impact on egg production. Clean up and clean up in time to ensure that the chicken house is in good condition. Perform routine disinfection within 1 to 2 times per week, and disinfect 1 or 2 times a day if there is an epidemic. 0.1% Weidao disinfectant or other safe disinfectants can be used to disinfect the ceiling, walls, floors, and utensils of chicken houses.
(6) Scientific feeding. The number of fixed feeds should be fed on time. Do not suddenly reduce the feed or limit the feed. Adjust the amount of feed according to the season.
(7) Do a good job in the management of temperature, humidity, ventilation and ventilation in the house. In general, the suitable temperature in the house is 5°C~25°C, and the relative humidity is controlled at 55%~65%. At the same time, the air in the house should be kept fresh. In the absence of testing equipment, people should not feel dazzling, tearful or smelly.
(8) Pay attention to daily observation. Pay attention to the conditions of the birds such as feeding, droppings, feathers, cockscombs, and breathing. If any problems are found, timely treatment should be performed.
Section V Chicken Farm Epidemic Prevention Technology
First, disinfection technology
In the environment in which laying hens live, there are many pathogenic microorganisms, especially in older chicken farms. Most chicken farmers have this experience. When chickens are raised in new chicken farms, there are fewer epidemics, and sometimes even more extensive management can be successful. Old chicken farms, even if they are very fine
The feeding of the heart is also more difficult to avoid epidemics. One of the most important reasons is that the disinfection work has not been done well. Theoretically speaking, disinfection will kill pathogenic microorganisms and provide chickens with a good hygienic environment. This is cut off. The most important link in epidemic spread. For chickens, disinfection is even more important than immune prevention.
1. The ideal chemical disinfectant should have the following conditions
1 Bactericidal broad spectrum; 2 Low effective concentration; 3 Fast acting; 4 Stable in nature; 5 Easily soluble in water; 6 Can be used at low temperature; 7 Not susceptible to organic matter, acid, alkali and other physical and chemical factors; 8 Non-corrosive to the article; 8 colorless, odorless, odorless, easy removal of residual drugs after disinfection; 10 low toxicity, easy to burn and explosion, the use of non-hazardous, low-cost, easy to transport.
2 chicken house disinfection
Modern chicken adopts all-in and all-out feeding management methods. After a feeding cycle, the roofs, walls, and mechanical utensils in the house are covered with downs, feed scraps, and feces residue. The cage nets are covered with dust, and the cages are filled with feces under the net to give the next one. The feeding cycle creates a good environment and must be completely disinfected. At the same time, after the flocks have been transferred, sold, and eliminated, the coops become empty houses, which are completely sterilized and can eliminate bacteria, viruses, coccidial oocysts and other pathogens accumulated in the chicken breeding process. The only favorable opportunity.
(1) Empty House
1 Turn all the chickens (including live, dead, and escaped) all.
2 At the same time as the birds were turned, the control of insects and rodents (rats) such as mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches began.
(2) Cleaning
1 Clean the fan and air inlet outside the house.
2 In the shed, clean the ceiling, lamp holders, beams, ledges, walls, cages, fans, dust from the air inlets and aisles, and dust from other places by sweeping, picking, or vacuuming. . After cleaning the upper part of these instruments and equipment, clean the lower part, scrape off contaminated feces, etc., and use a metal brush to brush away the remaining stains.
3 Clean the feed conveyor and use a gas blower or metal brush to remove any remaining feed from the troughs. During this process, special attention must be paid to the hard-to-clear, firmly-stained material.
4 If an automatic egg collection system is used, the egg transportation system should be opened at the front of the house to remove dust, debris, and damaged parts.
5 Remove as much fecal matter from the faeces as possible.
6 Remove all litter and feces, including the edges of each corner and dung pool. In order to achieve a satisfactory result, it is necessary to manually scrape around every corner, doorway, aisle, pillar, and chicken house.
7 Remove rubbish from chicken coops, storage rooms, egg rooms, cold rooms, foyers, corridors, nearby lounges, and toilets.
8 Turn off the power of all devices before cleaning, and use high-pressure air or a brush to clean the machines and switches that cannot be moved.
9 It is also possible to sprinkle a little water containing disinfectant before cleaning to help reduce dust flying.
(3) Cleaning
Cleaning includes soaking, cleaning and flushing methods. Cleaning agents and other surfactants are often added to the cleaning water to remove debris and thin films so that the cleaning fluid can easily enter the object. When there is crushed material and moist conditions, Salmonella can reproduce most. Therefore, in order to do thorough cleaning, the following steps must be taken without interruption:
1 In places of serious contamination, stains of feces, feed, and broken egg liquids should be softened. It is preferable to use a low-pressure sprayer to spray 40 to 110 kg of water per minute.
2 Cleaning professionals use high-pressure water guns to spray the rear of the house first, then spray the front of the house, spray the ceiling first, then spray the wall, and finally spray the ground.
3 Flush Finally rinse to make it truly clean.
(4) After the rinsing and rinsing, various repairs shall be carried out, such as filling the floor cracks, repairing the frame, replacing the damaged equipment, etc.
(5) Inspection Suggestions After the physical cleaning, washing and refurbishment, the hygienic condition of the house is inspected by management personnel and veterinarians. Unqualified can not proceed to the next step.
(6) Chemical disinfection In order to achieve the goal of completely eradicating pathogens, it is recommended to use two or three different types of disinfectants for sterilizing for 2 to 3 times. Disinfection with only one disinfection or with only one disinfectant is incomplete because different pathogens have different sensitivities to different disinfectants, and one disinfection does not kill all pathogens.
In general, the first disinfection can use alkaline disinfectants, such as the appropriate concentration of fire alkali or 10% lime milk. Appropriate concentrations of caustic soda can be spray-disinfected and 10% lime milk can be used to paint walls or floors.
Objective To evaluate the methods and the effects of an airway management nursing team in clinical practice
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