One, moderate scale, not seeking too much
The effectiveness of dairy cows is mainly achieved through the sale of milk and the sale of young cows, and the milk market is the most important factor in determining the scale of dairy cow production. This requires investors to seriously study the relationship between supply and demand in the milk market and development potential, and avoid blindly follow the trend, blindly launched, do not respond to success, blindly seeking greater. The scale of the cattle farm is too large. The following problems are difficult to solve: 1. Cow source; 2. Manure and sewage treatment; 3. Sources and supply channels of green roughage.
Second, choose cows, pay attention to quality
A newly established dairy farm must pay attention to the purchase of cattle from the start of the construction of the farm, and purchase and purchase cows. In order to ensure the quality of the dairy cows purchased, it is advisable to purchase them on a large-scale standardized dairy farm because the cattle herds in this dairy farm are of good quality, well-documented, and standardized breeding systems.
Third, willing to invest, reasonable construction
Dairy cows have high costs and large investments. Producers must allocate reasonable funds to achieve the best results. Although dairy cows have the characteristics of “cold-resistant and heat-resistantâ€, the building of dairy cows in our province should be based on the “cold-proof, house-drying, and convenient for raising and removing dejectaâ€. Note that it is not necessary to build dairy cow houses too luxuriously.
To build dairy farms, milking machines and milk cooling equipment should be supported as much as possible, with good quality. The milking machine with excellent performance has high working efficiency, good sanitation quality of the milk being squeezed, and long use time, which is conducive to ensuring the health of dairy cows. 200-400 cows can choose to use the pipeline milking machine, and 500-600 cows are best to use room milking.
Fourth, establish records, know what counts
To build a dairy farm, it is necessary to establish and improve the necessary records, including production records and breeding records; farmers should also establish necessary records to number their own dairy cows, sources of cows, blood, age, parity In lactation months, the amount of milk produced, estrus and breeding, whether pregnancy, date of birth, and feed consumption must be clearly recorded. For individual milk production statistics for dairy cows, one month can be used to record one day, the interval is not more than 28-33 days times 30 or the actual days of each month, and at the end of the year or one lactation period of each cow, a milk is calculated for each cow. The actual milk yield during the period.
Five, ready forage, full price material
Dairy cows are herbivores and need to eat a lot of hay and green feed every day. Every day, they also use concentrates to supplement the required nutrition such as milk production. The author provides the following figures for reference.
With regard to full-priced batch materials, the concentrates produced by large-scale feed manufacturers can be used together with the same amount of dry cornmeal, or a small feed processing room can be built at the same time as the feed warehouse is built. Full price feed.
Six, do a good job breeding, prolific yak
The reproductive performance of dairy cows not only affects the increase of the number of dairy cows and the improvement of their quality, but also affects the production performance and economic benefits of dairy cows. Because cows cannot produce milk without producing calves, the low reproductive performance not only reduces the economy of dairy farms and households. Benefits also reduce the total milk production of cows throughout their lives. Due to the reproductive obstacles of dairy cows, the number of fasting days for dairy cows increased, which increased the cost of raising the cows. Therefore, operators must pay attention to the reproductive performance of dairy cows. To give a simple example, there are two dairy cows, A and B. Each raises 10 milk cows. When the herd quality and feeding conditions are basically the same, A household produces 10 yaks a year. There are problems with only five yaks. From the annual sale of milk, the annual income and profitability are quite different.
The general requirements for the breeding of dairy cows are as follows: Normally developed bred cows are 15-16 months old and can be bred at a weight of 350-380 kg. Cows should produce their first child from 24-25 months of age and 80-90 after cows give birth. Days of pregnancy, in order to maintain a production every 12-13 months, only high-yielding cows lactating milk production more than 800 kg allow longer intervals between calving, every 13-14 months produce a trip.
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