The physiological disease of tomato fruit is caused by unfavorable environmental conditions. Once the environmental conditions return to normal, the physiological disease ceases to develop, and sometimes it can return to normal. There are many reasons for physiological diseases, such as inadequate temperature, lack of light or too strong, water imbalance, malnutrition and improper cultivation and management.
One, green back fruit
1. Symptoms: After the fruit turns red, there is a green area or patch near the shoulder or fruit pedicle of the fruit, which is not redden. The fruit is red and green. The fruit in the green area is hard, the fruit is sour, and the taste is poor.
2. Cause of the disease: Partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, tomato plants growing under excessive conditions, especially in the nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, boron deficiency, dry soil, the most serious disease.
3. Control methods: fruit enlargement period, timely potassium supplementation, spraying compound micro-fertilizer containing potassium and boron.
Second, the brown fruit
1. Symptoms: The fruit turns red after ripening, but the red color appears brown and the fruit is dark brown. The surface of the fruit is smeared, the glossiness is poor, and the commerciality is obviously reduced.
2. Cause of the disease: low temperature and low light are the root causes of brown fruit production. The temperature of fruit ripening is lower than 24°C, chlorophyll increases, and the formation of lycopene is delayed, resulting in the appearance of brown fruit; partial application or excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium , Boron deficiency, in continuous cropping, soil salt evolution greenhouse, if excessive fertilization, are likely to cause brown fruit.
3. Control methods: Carry out fruit ripening treatment to avoid dry, wet or dry, too wet. Or excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive growth of nutrients.
Third, umbilical rot fruit
1. Symptoms: From fruit to ping-pong to egg-sized young fruit, the top of the fruit (umbilicus) initially begins to appear dark green or dark gray in water, and soon turns dark-black, flesh loses water, and the top is flat or concave The lesions sometimes have concentric ring patterns, and the peel and flesh are flexible, generally not rot, and the diseased fruit rots when the air is wet.
2. Cause: The direct cause is calcium deficiency. Causes of calcium deficiency: First, the imbalance in water supply, insufficient water supply under drought conditions, or dryness and moisture, impaired water absorption in tomato roots, decreased root activity, and inhibition of calcium absorption; second, excessive use of nitrogen and potassium, calcium Absorption is inhibited; Third, high temperature and dryness make calcium absorption and its movement in the plant body blocked; Fourth, fruits treated with growth regulators are susceptible to umbilical rot.
3. Prevention methods: First, avoid excessive nitrogen and potassium fertilizers while applying a large amount of quick-acting fertilizers at the same time; Second, prevent soil from drying and increase the amount of irrigation; Third, after entering the result period, spray 0.1% every 7 days. 0.3% calcium chloride aqueous solution can also be continuously sprayed with calcium fertilizer such as Green Fenway No.3.
Fourth, Sunburn fruit
1. Symptoms: The area where the fruit was burned was a large piece of chlorotic white spots, and the surface was shiny and transparent leathery and depressed. In later stages, the diseased body turns yellow, wrinkles sometimes appear on the surface, and the skin shrinks and hardens, and the flesh is necrotic, turning into brown lumps.
2. The cause of the disease: The fruit was burned when exposed to high temperatures in direct sunlight.
3. Control methods: reasonably dense planting; moderate pruning; when inflorescence and pruning vines are selected, the inflorescences should be arranged on the inner side of the support and shaded by their own leaves; when the top is hit, two leaves should be left on the last ear. , for the ear shade; timely ventilation, lower room temperature; shade net cover, to avoid glare.
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