In the early summer season, the increase in temperature by light increases and the air humidity gradually decreases. As a result, the degree of disease in vegetable production gradually decreases. However, many pests have become more serious. Therefore, we must remind farmers to relax their vigilance and to prevent and control regular pests in vegetable production. At present, pests commonly found in vegetable production include greenhouse whiteflies, leaf miners, aphids, thrips, cabbage caterpillars, diamondback moths, beet armyworms, and others. This paper will introduce them one by one.
The common thrips in the production of protected vegetables are the palm thrips, also known as the thrips, and the brown thrips, which use adults and nymphs to suck young shoots, young leaves, flowers, and fruit juices to cause damage and affect the yield and quality of vegetables. .
Characteristics and Habits: The length of the adult thrips is about 1 mm, golden yellow, 0.2 mm long, long oval and light yellow. The naked eyes and adult nymphs are visible to the naked eye. Adults often draw sap from the veins, which are less visible and often overlooked in production.
Hummer occurs throughout the year. The spring, summer and autumn seasons mainly occur in open fields, and in winter, they mainly occur in greenhouses and damage eggplant, cucumber, cowpea, pepper, watermelon and other crops. The peak period occurs in the fall or in the winter from November to December, and from March to May is the second peak. The female adults mainly perform parthenogenetic reproduction and occasionally have sexual reproduction. It is extremely difficult to see males. Eggs spawn in the mesophyll tissue, each female eggs 22 to 35. Female adults live for 8 to 10 days. The egg period is 6 to 7 days from May to June. The nymphs stop feeding on the back of the leaf and feed at the end of the age, and fall into the topsoil. Adults are very active, good flying can jump, can use natural forces to migrate and spread. Adults are afraid of strong light, and they concentrate more on backlighting sites. Cloudy days, mornings, evenings and nights are only active on the surface of the host. This is also one of the reasons why it is difficult to control the thrips. When using some conventional contact agents, the properties are such that no insects can be sprayed during the day and no effect can be seen.
Hummer likes warm, arid weather, its optimum temperature is 23 ~ 28 °C, suitable air humidity is 40 ~ 70%; humidity can not survive, when the humidity reaches 100%, the temperature reached 31 °C, the nymphs all died. In the rainy season, in the event of continuous rain, the water between the leaves of the onion can cause nymph death. After heavy rain or after watering, soil compaction is caused, so that the nymphs cannot enter the soil and the earthworms cannot hatch adult.
Symptoms of damage: The nymphs and nymphs are mostly sucked on the backs of the tender leaves. After the plants are damaged, gray and white chlorosis spots appear on the leaves. Severe damage can lead to early fall of the flower organs, dry leaves, and new leaves without the top buds. Leaf margin curling can not be stretched, corrugated, veins yellowish green, yellow spots appear on the leaves of meat, like flowers and leaves, and finally damaged leaves turn yellow, brittle, easy to fall off. The shoots of the new shoots were damaged. The growing points were inhibited and the branches and leaves clustered or the top buds shrank.
Control methods: According to the characteristics of fast breeding and easy-to-fight of thrips, prevention should be the main method and integrated prevention and control. Such as the use of nutritious soil nursery, removal of diseased leaves to reduce the source of insects, choose the right time to plant. Diligent watering can also eliminate underground nymphs and slugs, and diligent weeding can reduce the damage. Blue plate trapping: Plutonium has phototaxis, can use blue plate trapping, the method can refer to the prevention and treatment of rapeseed meal. During the outbreak of thrips, spray control was performed when there were 3 to 5 insects per plant, and spraying was conducted at the end of early morning dew. The use of 50% phoxim EC 1000 times, 10% imidacloprid WP 1500 times, can also use pyrethroid pesticides. When it is better to apply two doses of medicaments within 6 days, it is better to use the United States in addition to 1000 times plus Acetate 2000 times and other agents to control the effect is better.
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