Rapeseed is a autumn crop, which has a certain ability to withstand the cold, but due to the cold air invasion during the winter, late planting period, improper application of fertilizer management measures and other reasons, often cause frost damage, resulting in varying degrees of reduced production, and even no harvest . Therefore, for the type of frost damage, it is of great significance to adopt appropriate technical measures and strengthen cultivation management to prevent or reduce the occurrence of frost damage, ensure the safe wintering of rape, and increase the yield of rapeseed. How can rape protect against freezing and freezing?
First, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers
Phosphorus can promote the development of rapeseed roots and enhance rapeseed resistance; Potassium can improve rapeseed cold, disease resistance, lodging resistance. Therefore, in the process of chasing fertilizers, the amount of nitrogen fertilizers should be controlled or reduced, so as to avoid the plants being tender and juicy, and the ability to resist coldness will be deteriorated.
Second, cover insulation
Crop stalks (such as straw, wheat straw, and crop stalks) can be laid on the rows of rapeseeds to reduce the damage of the cold wind to the roots, and the soil seams can also be bridged to prevent air leakage. Such as covering straw, with 200-300 kilograms per acre, not only to protect the antifreeze, but also increase the organic matter of the soil, covering the surface of the straw, can meet the natural implementation of rainfall, generally does not affect the photosynthesis of rapeseed. At the same time, a layer of chaff or grass ash can be applied to the leaves to avoid direct damage to the leaves from the cold air and prevent the leaves from freezing damage. Dirt can also be used to cover the roots of plants, especially tall seedlings. After soil is cultivated, the roots and stems can be shortened to help keep warm.
Third, re-application of wax
Before wintering or during the early winter, fertilizers such as earth fertilizer, circulatory fertilizer, human waste, turfgrass and other fertilizers are added between the rows of rapeseed, which can increase the ground temperature by 2 to 3°C, and have the effect of keeping warm and keeping warm. At the same time, it can also be used for winter fertilizers. Effect. The time of application should be controlled before the large freeze, prematurely affect the rape's breath, and even suffocate death; too late the soil has been frozen, the cold effect is poor, generally better during the winter solstice to Osamu application; Mushi soil miscellaneous fertilizer 2000 ~ 2500 kg, or 1000 ~ 1500 kg of swine and cow dung. Before the onset of the cold wave, a layer of plant ash was sprinkled on the seedlings to reduce the damage of cold air to the seedlings.
Fourth, cultivator soil
The cultivating of loose soil and rooting of the soil can loosen the soil, improve the growth environment of rapeseed, regulate the soil moisture, and increase the temperature of the soil. It can also prevent lodging, reduce the harm of grass and sclerotinia, and protect the roots of rapeseed. The growth and development. The soil should be carried out before sealing, but it should be noted that the roots of the roots can not be damaged by the roots, otherwise it will cause dead roots; the depth of the cultivator should be different due to the growth of rape, generally should be shallow first, then deep, and Should be deep, weak land should be shallow.
Fifth, pick up the picking moss
For the plots where early moss and early flowering are to occur, deep cultivating and damaging part of the root system can delay the occurrence of early moss and early flowering. For rape that has already appeared early moss and early flowering, it can pick up sunny days after the Spring Festival and pick up the moss when the temperature is high, and timely apply topdressing nitrogen fertilizer to promote plant regeneration and reduce loss of frost damage.
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